A photograph of Thomson, likely from the late-nineteenth century.
Born
26 June Belfast, County Antrim, Ireland
Died
17 December Largs, Ayrshire, Scotland
William Thomson, 1st Baron Kelvin OM GCVO PC PRS FRSE (June 26, – December 17, ) was a mathematical physicist, engineer, and outstanding leader in the physical sciences of the nineteenth century widely known for developing the Kelvin scale of absolute temperature measurement. He was influential in making energy the fundamental concept for the development and expression of physical theories. He was also active in the laying of the first trans-Atlantic submarine communications cable in , contributing both theoretical and practical support to the project.
Early life and work
Family
William Thomson was born on June 26, in Belfast. His father was Dr. James Thomson, a professor of mathematics at the Royal Academical Institution of Belfast. His mother was Margaret Gardiner. The couple had four boys and two girls, Thomson being the second eldest son. The family was raised in the Presbyterian Christian tradition. Thomson's elder brother, James, became an engineering professor.
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William Thomson: biography, contributions and inventions, works
Content
William thomson () was a British physicist and mathematician born in Belfast (Ireland). Also known as Lord Kelvin by the title of nobility granted for his contributions to science, he is considered one of the British scholars who contributed most to the development of physics.
Thomson held a position as Professor of Natural Philosophy at the University of Glasgow for most of his life, despite continual job offers from other more reputable educational institutions. From that position, the scientist gave a decisive impulse to experimental studies, then little appreciated.
His main achievements include the establishment of an absolute heat scale that bears his name: the Kelvin scale. In addition, he published some studies on the systems of measurement units and patented measuring devices such as the galvanometer. Likewise, it helped to perfect transmissions through submarine cables.
All these works earned him the award of the title of Baron Kelvin. Thomson also became the first scientist to serve in the House of Lords. His death occurred in December and he was buried next to Isaac Newton, in Westmi
Kelvin, William Thomson, 1st Baron
Kelvin, William Thomson, 1st Baron(&#x;). Pioneer of thermodynamics and one of the greatest of classical physicists. Educated in Belfast, Glasgow, and Cambridge, he was in chosen professor of natural philosophy at Glasgow. He remained there for 50 years, and on retirement signed on as a research student. He said that one word characterized his work, &#x;failure&#x;. He was not serious: in fact, he had done fundamental research on electromagnetism and light, on telegraphy, and on heat, where he had come up with the idea of an absolute zeroof temperature&#x;the scale based on this is named after him. He was happy to turn his talents to practical use, over telegraph cables, liquefaction of gases, and the construction of instruments. The leading physical scientist in Britain, he was made a peer in
David Knight
The Oxford Companion to British HistoryJOHN CANNON
The River Kelvin in Glasgow
William Thomson, 1st Baron Kelvin (better known simply as Lord Kelvin), OM, GCVO, PC, PRS, FRSE, lived from 26 June to 17 December He was a noted physicist and engineer. The wider picture in Scotland at the time is set out in our Historical Timeline.
William Thomson was born in Belfast, the son of James Thomson, a teacher of mathematics and engineering at Royal Belfast Academical Institution. His older brother was (also) James Thomson, who became a significant engineer and physicist in his own right. In the family moved to Glasgow, where his father has been appointed Professor of Mathematics at the University of Glasgow. William Thomson became a student at Glasgow University before, in , going to Peterhouse College in Cambridge. Here he excelled in mathematics and physics, as well as in a number of sports, especially sculling.
In , Thomson did much to support the work of Michael Faraday on electric induction, leading to the discovery of the Faraday effect, which established that light and electromagnetic phenomena were related. The following year, at the age of
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