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William Thackeray was born in Calcutta, India. His father, Richmond Thackeray, was a secretary to the board of revenue in the British East India Company. His mother, Anne Becher, sent him to England for his education when his father died in He eventually attended the Charterhouse School, which he despised and later parodied as "Slaughterhouse" in his fiction. It was here that his first writing appeared, in the publications The Snob and The Gownsman. His matriculation to Trinity College was delayed by illness, and he dropped out in
Over the next six years, Thackeray led a scattered and irresponsible life. He traveled all over Europe and met Goethe in Weimar. When he returned to England he began to study law, but soon abandoned the field. Thackeray lost much of his fortune to gambling and to failed investments as a result of the collapse of two Indian banks. Thackeray also tried pursuing an art career but again abandoned the subject when he did not find immediate success. Finally, he made two attempts at founding newspapers, but both resulted in failure.
William married Isabella Shawe, daughte
Thackeray, William Makepeace
BORN: , Calcutta, India
DIED: , London, England
NATIONALITY: British
GENRE: Fiction, poetry
MAJOR WORKS:
The Yellowplush Correspondence ()
The Luck of Barry Lyndon ()
Vanity Fair: A Novel without a Hero ()
The History of Henry Esmond, Esq., a Colonel in the Service of Her Majesty Q. Anne ()
Roundabout Papers ()
Overview
British author William Makepeace Thackeray is best known for his satiric sketches and novels of upper- and middle-class English life and is credited with bringing a simpler style and greater realism to the English novel. Vanity Fair: A Novel without a Hero (), a panorama of early nineteenth-century English upper-middle-class society, is generally regarded as Thackeray's masterpiece. Although Vanity Fair has received more critical attention than any of his other works, many regard The History of Henry Esmond, Esq., a Colonel in the Service of Her
Majesty Q. Anne (), a historical novel set in early eighteenth-century England, to be his most well-planned and carefully executed work.
Works in Biographical and Historical Context
Unhappy Childhood Spent in Boarding Schools Thackeray was born in Calcu
illiam Makepeace Thackeray was born in Calcutta on 18 July Both his parents were of Anglo-Indian descent, and his father, Richmond Thackeray, was appointed to a lucrative position as Collector of a district near Calcutta soon after William's birth. Richmond Thackeray died of a fever in , and his son was sent home to England at five years old to be educated, stopping at St. Helena on the way and having a servant point out to him the prisoner Napoleon, who "eats three sheep every day, and all the little children he can lay hands on!" (Ray ). The separation from his mother, who stayed in India to marry her childhood sweetheart, was recalled by Thackeray nearly half a century later--"A ghaut, or river-stair, at Calcutta; and a day when, down those steps, to a boat which was in waiting, came two children, whose mothers remained on shore" ( Ray )--and his reunion with her a few years later informs young Henry Esmond's first vision of Lady Castlewood. Though Thackeray's recollections of his early years in India were scanty, the culture of Anglo-Indians figures prominently in a number of his works, including The Tremendous Adventures of Major Goliah Gahagan, Vanity Fair, and The Newc
Dictionary of National Biography, /Thackeray, William Makepeace
&#;THACKERAY, WILLIAM MAKEPEACE (–), novelist, born at Calcutta on 18 July , was the only child of Richmond and Anne Thackeray. The Thackerays descended from a family of yeomen who had been settled for several generations at Hampsthwaite, a hamlet on the Nidd in the West Riding of Yorkshire. Thomas Thackeray () was admitted a king's scholar at Eton in January He was scholar () and fellow () of King's College, Cambridge, and soon afterwards was an assistant master at Eton. In he became headmaster of Harrow, where Dr. Parr was one of his pupils. In he was made chaplain to Frederick, prince of Wales, and in archdeacon of Surrey. He died at Harrow in By his wife Anne, daughter of John Woodward, he had sixteen children. The fourth son, Thomas (), became a surgeon at Cambridge, and had fifteen children, of whom William Makepeace () was a well-known physician at Chester; Elias (), mentioned in &#;the 'Irish Sketchbook,' became vicar of Dundalk; and Jane Townley () married in George Pryme [q. v.], the political economist. The archdeacon's fifth son, Frederick (), a physician at Windsor, was father of General Freder
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